Understanding Nature's Energy Conversion Process
Photosynthesis is the biochemical process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy (usually from the sun) into chemical energy stored in glucose or other sugars. This foundational process sustains life on Earth.
Primary source of atmospheric oxygen essential for aerobic organisms
Provides the foundation for nearly all food chains and ecosystems
Plays a crucial role in the Earth's carbon cycle and climate regulation
Transforms solar energy into chemical energy usable by living organisms
Occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, splitting water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons. This stage produces ATP and NADPH.
Occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. Uses the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through carbon fixation.